Category Archives: Debt

Federal Student Loan Forgiveness and Taxpayers Burden

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In truth, the federal student loan debt forgiveness plan does not forgive any debts. Instead, it transfers the debt obligations from borrowers to U.S. taxpayers.

U.S. President Joe Biden’s plan to forgive federal student loan debts is a misnomer. The plan does not “forgive” or eliminate the student loan liabilities, it only transfers the obligations and enormous burden from the millions of individual borrowers to the U.S. taxpayers at an projected cost of $400 billion or more. And, you can be almost certain that $400 billion projected figure is a low balled amount.

Student loans are one of the biggest areas of consumer debt in the United States.

As of the fourth quarter of calendar year 2022, there were $1.60 trillion in outstanding federal student loans, versus $1.55 trillion in outstanding auto loans and  $986 billion in credit-card debt, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, reports Barron’s.

About 26 million Americans have applied for student loan forgiveness since August 2022, and the U.S. Department of Education has already approved requests from 16 million borrowers.

The program forgives $10,000 of debt held by the federal government for individuals who make less than $125,000. It also forgives $10,000 of debt for couples that make less than $250,000, and it forgives up to $20,000 of debt held by Pell Grant holders, who are mostly lower-income borrowers.

References:

  1. https://www.reuters.com/world/us/whats-latest-bidens-us-student-loan-forgiveness-2023-02-28/

Federal Spending and U.S. National Debt

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In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, more than 50% of increased federal government spending between 2019 and 2021 was for assistance to individuals, which more than tripled to $1.1 trillion in 2020 and increased by another $300 billion in 2021, according to USAFacts.

In fiscal year 2021, the federal government spent 68% more than it collected, resulting in a $2.8 trillion deficit. The deficit decreased from fiscal year 2020 when the federal government spent 91% more than it collected.

Most federal government spending happens in two ways:

  • Direct spending on federal programs (such as for the military and social security) and
  • Indirect spending through transfers to state and local governments in the form of grants (such as for infrastructure) that those governments then spend. State and local governments raise money both through federal grants and revenue raised through state and local revenue sources.

Source:  USAFacts

The National Debt Limit

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More than half of the U.S. National Debt is owed to the US public and more than one quarter is owed to foreign entities.

The debt limit, or debt ceiling, is a restriction on how much the federal government can borrow to pay its bills and allocate funds for future investments.

When Congress appropriates or directs government money to be spent, the government is obligated to pay those funds, creating a bill it must pay. The federal government spent 68% more than it collected in fiscal year 2021, resulting in a $2.8 trillion deficit. The deficit decreased from fiscal year 2020 when the federal government spent 91% more than it collected, according to USAFacts.

This bill, also known as the national debt, is the amount of money the federal government has already borrowed to cover outstanding expenses in past fiscal years.

The national debt is composed of debt held by the public in the form of government securities and intragovernmental debt, debt which one part of the federal government owes to another.

The U.S. Gross Domestic Product in December 2022 was $26.13 trillion, according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis. The Gross domestic product (GDP) is the value of all goods and services produced in the US. This number is used to measure the health of the economy by observing when GDP is growing or shrinking.

The U.S. National Debt ceiling is currently set at $31.4 trillion.

In December 2021, Congress increased the debt ceiling to $31.38 trillion.

When the national debt exceeds the debt ceiling, the federal government cannot increase its outstanding debt any further. Therefore, the Treasury Department can use extraordinary measures authorized by Congress to manage the federal government’s finances and remain under the debt limit.

These measures can include suspending investments into government saving, retirement, and health plans, halting the sale of Treasury bonds and other government securities, or shifting money between government agencies to pay off intragovernmental debts.

Source:  USAFacts.

More Than One in Four Americans Say Their Debt is Unmanageable

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Nearly one in five Americans are feeling bad or very bad about their financial circumstances. ~ OppFi’s 2022 Personal Finance Study

The FinTech company, OppFi, surveyed nearly 1,100 Americans to learn more about Americans’ financial situations,.

Respondents had mixed and uncertain feelings about where they stood financially, with nearly one in five feeling bad or very bad about their circumstances.

Key takeaways

  • Half of respondents to the survey are currently in debt, and 52% of those in debt say their debt is not manageable.
  • Just over 1 in 3 respondents have frequently experienced stress or anxiety about their finances since the COVID-19 pandemic started.
  • 1 in 4 took out a personal loan during the COVID-19 pandemic, most often to cover basic necessities such as food, clothing, and housing and credit card debt.

Americans’ financial health is often measured by benchmarks such as debt, savings, spending habits, and the ability to pay their monthly bills, writes Ashley Altus, CFC, a personal finance writer for OppU. OppFi survey respondents reported having difficulty with many of these things. Half said they’re in debt, and nearly half said they can’t pay their bills on time. Almost 2 in 5 live paycheck to paycheck, and 1 in 5 said they spend more than what they earn.

Budgeting is widely considered an important aspect of personal finance, but 1 in 10 said they didn’t have a budget at all.

Fewer than half (47%) said they have a savings account or emergency fund. Of those who did, nearly 1 in 5 said they could live off it for three weeks at the most.

How COVID-19 impacted Americans’ financial situations

The COVID-19 pandemic threw the American economy into chaos, with numerous businesses closing. In April 2020, the unemployment rate reached a level not seen since the 1930s. Near the end of 2021, 10 million households were behind on rent despite three rounds of stimulus checks.

More than half the people we surveyed said the pandemic worsened their financial situation. The biggest reason? Employment – more than 1 in 5 were working fewer hours and 15% lost their job. Others cited their own illness (17%), and 15% said their credit score decreased.

Financial stressors

One result of financial difficulty may be stress. Just over 1 in 3 respondents said they have frequently experienced stress or anxiety related to their finances since COVID started, with the most common stressor being paying bills other than mortgage or rent (cited by 35%). Debt was identified as a source of stress by 28% and 26% were stressed about not having enough savings.

Other stressors included basics like having enough food, high energy or gasoline prices, and paying mortgage or rent. Financial anxieties also reach as far as retirement, with more than 1 in 10 saying they’re worried they won’t have enough to retire on.

References:

  1. https://www.opploans.com/oppu/articles/personal-finance-study-2022/

Credit Score

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Credit scores are mathematical formulas that help lenders determine how likely you are to pay back a loan. Credit scores:

  • Range from 300 to 850.
  • Are not based on your income.

Here’s a breakdown of all the factors that affect your scores, according to Nerd Wallet:

Payment history. Your credit reports reveal your payment history, or whether you’ve consistently paid bills and other obligations on time. FICO says payment history accounts for 35% of your score. Paying bills late by 30 days or more can dent your scores — and the later you pay, the greater the damage.

Credit utilization The amount of your credit limit you use, expressed as a percentage, is called credit utilization. FICO says the amount of available credit you use counts for 30% of your score.

Other credit score factors you should know about

Other credit factors that also affect your scores include:

  • The length of time you’ve had credit: Longer is better, so keep old accounts open unless there is a compelling reason to close them, such as an annual fee on a card you no longer use.
  • The kinds of credit you have, or credit mix: It’s best to have a mix of installment accounts — those with a set number of equal payments, such as car payments or mortgages — and credit card accounts.
  • The length of time since you’ve applied for new credit: Each application that causes a hard inquiry on your credit may take a few points off your score.
  • Total balances and debt: It’s best if you’re making progress in paying off your debt.

Factors that don’t affect your credit score

  • Checking your own score: If you get your own score through your bank or a free credit score service, it does not affect your score. That’s because checking your own score is considered a soft pull on your credit. You can check it as many times as you want with no impact to your score.
  • Rent and utility payments: In most cases, your rent payments and your utility payments are not reported to the credit bureaus, so they do not count toward your score.
  • Income and bank balances: Credit reports do include some employer information, but it’s used only to match account data to the right person. Getting a raise won’t bump up your score, and it is possible to build credit on a small income. And since reports list only credit accounts — not savings, checking or investment accounts — your balances in those also won’t help your score.

Want to raise your credit score? Here are some tips!

  • Start by checking your score (for free).
  • Tackle your debt, even when you can’t pay very much.
  • Avoid asking for more credit.

It’s an often repeated myth that keeping a balance when using credit cards will raise your credit score. The truth is that paying on time, every time, is what’s good for your credit — and paying in full is the most economical, because it lets you avoid interest, explains Nerd Wallet.

It’s important to put at least some of your spending on a credit card from time to time, but spending more will not benefit your score. Aim to use no more than 30% of your credit limit on any of your cards, and less is better. That’s because the second-biggest influence on credit scores is credit utilization — the portion of your credit limits you use.

To keep your credit utilization low, you can:

  • Sign up for balance alerts via text or email from your credit card issuer so you can stop using a card if the balance gets close to 30% of the limit.
  • Consider making several payments throughout the month to keep balances low.
  • If your credit is good or your income is up since you applied, ask for a higher credit limit. This will lower your credit utilization by bumping up your total credit limit, as long as your spending stays the same.
  • Think twice about closing old or little-used cards, because they contribute to your overall credit limit. Your credit utilization could shoot up due to the loss of available credit from a canceled card.
  • You could also increase your available credit by opening a new credit card, but it’s important to research the best credit card for your financial needs before applying.

Checking your credit score

There are several ways that you can check your credit score for free. A great place to start is to check if your bank or credit union offer this service for its customers. Additionally, each of the three credit reporting agencies (Experian, Equifax and Transunion) allows you to check your credit score for free.

Everyone is entitled to one free credit report a year from the three agencies at annualcreditreport.com, according to the federal government.

References:

  1. https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/finance/credit-score-does-carrying-a-balance-help
  2. https://apnews.com/article/business-0a536993ce494fc8d6fe2c5d637da5b5

World in Love with Debt

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“There is $50 trillion more in world debt today than there was in 2018.” And that will hurt equities. Larry McDonald

2021 global debt database shows largest one year debt surge post World War II to $226 trillion, i.e., 256% of global GDP in 2020. Government borrowing was half this increase; global public debt rose by 20% to an unprecedented level in over 50 years.

In a financial sense, the bond (or debt) market dwarfs the stock market. Although the rise in interest rates has been devastating for bond investors because of the inverse relationship between rates (yields) and bond prices. In actuality, both the debt and equity markets have fallen this year.

Yet, “The world is still in love with debt,” according to analysts at Bank of America Merrill Lynch. Debt vulnerabilities are rising, with potential costs and risks to debtors, creditors and, more broadly, global stability and prosperity. But, does it matter. After all, world governments owe the money to their own citizens. The rising total global debt is important for two reasons.

  • First, when debt rises faster than economic output (as it has been doing in recent years), higher government debt implies more state interference in the economy and higher taxes in the future.
  • Second, debt must be rolled over at regular intervals. This creates a recurring popularity test for individual governments’ sovereign bonds. Fail that test, as various euro-zone governments have done, and the country (and its neighbors) can be plunged into fiscal and economic crisis.

If the Federal Reserve raises the federal funds rate by another 100 basis points and continues its balance-sheet reductions at current levels, “they will crash the market,” states Larry McDonald, founder of The Bear Traps Report and author of “A Colossal Failure of Common Sense”.

A pivot may not prevent pain

McDonald expects the Federal Reserve to become concerned enough about the equity market’s reaction to its monetary tightening to “back away over the next three weeks,” announce a smaller federal funds rate increase of 0.50% in November “and then stop.”

References:

  1. https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/markets/the-stock-market-is-in-trouble-thats-because-the-bond-market-is-very-close-to-a-crash/ar-AA12Q8kd
  2. https://www.businessinsider.com/baml-global-debt-has-rise-by-50-trillion-since-the-financial-crisis-2015-10
  3. https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/ar/2022/in-focus/debt-dynamics/

THE U.S. NATIONAL DEBT IS NOW MORE THAN $31 TRILLION

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The U.S. national debt has now surpassed $31 trillion. Everyday the U.S. government spends over $1 Billion in interest payment on the National Debt.

The $31 trillion gross federal debt includes debt held by the public as well as debt held by federal trust funds and other government accounts, according to the Peter G. Peterson Foundation. In comparison, the U.S. gross national product, a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and sold in a specific time period by countries, is $25.25 trillion according to Bureau of Economic Analysis.

In very basic terms, gross federal debt can be thought of as debt that the government owes to others plus debt that it owes to itself.

The National Debt is now more than $31 trillion. What does that mean?

America’s high and rising debt matters because it threatens our economic future, reports the Peter G. Peterson Foundation. The coronavirus pandemic may have rapidly accelerated our nation’s fiscal challenges, but we were already on an unsustainable path, with structural drivers that existed long before the pandemic.

Making the hard choices to put our nation on a more sustainable fiscal path will help ensure a stronger and more resilient economy for the future. Otherwise, staying the course means a bleaker economic future for the nation and threatens the economic well-being of all Americans.

References:

  1. THE NATIONAL DEBT IS NOW MORE THAN $31 TRILLION. WHAT DOES THAT MEAN?, The Peter G. Peterson Foundation, October 4, 2022. https://www.pgpf.org/infographic/the-national-debt-is-now-more-than-31-trillion-what-does-that-mean
  2. https://www.bea.gov/news/2022/gross-domestic-product-third-estimate-gdp-industry-and-corporate-profits-revised-2nd

More Americans are Living Paycheck to Paycheck

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58% of Americans are living paycheck to paycheck after inflation spike — including 30% of those earning $250,000 or more. CNBC

With inflation at 40-year highs, workers across all income levels are having a harder time making ends meet. As one CNBC financial guru once commented, “Too many Americans are left with more month than money.”

As of May 2022, with inflation driving up costs everywhere for consumers in all income brackets, 58% of Americans — roughly 150 million adults — live paycheck to paycheck, according to a new LendingClub report. That’s down slightly from 61% who reported living paycheck to paycheck in April but up from 54% in May 2021.

Consumers are struggling to afford their day-to-day lifestyle and tend to rely more on credit cards and carry higher monthly balances making them financially vulnerable.

This increase means approximately three in five U.S. consumers devote nearly all their salaries to expenses with little to nothing left over at the end of the month.

Those struggling to afford their day-to-day lifestyle tend to rely more on credit cards and carry a higher monthly balance, making them financially vulnerable, the survey said.

Overall, credit card balances rose year over year, reaching $841 billion in the first three months of 2022, according to a separate report from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

References:

  1. Jessica Dickler, “58% of Americans are living paycheck to paycheck after inflation spike — including 30% of those earning $250,000 or more”, CNBC Personal Finance, June 27, 2022, https://www.cnbc.com/2022/06/27/more-than-half-of-americans-live-paycheck-to-paycheck-amid-inflation.html
  2. https://www.pymnts.com/consumer-finance/2022/report-36-of-consumers-earning-250k-now-live-paycheck-to-paycheck/

Debt is Bad

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If you make the monthly minimum payment on your 14% interest rate credit card balance, it will take 25 years to payoff this debt and you will pay in interest charges more than the original amount.

You should always pay more than the minimum payment due on your credit cards, student loans and other consumer debt. As your credit card debt balance decreases, your minimum payment due will decrease and your payments will stretch out. If you make the monthly minimum payment on your 14% interest rate credit card balance, it will take 25 years to payoff this debt and you will pay in interest charges more than the original amount.

There are amazing benefits to climbing out of credit card and student loan debt. Paying off debt takes a plan and patience to execute it.

  1. Figure out how much debt you owe. You cannot make a plan to pay off your debt until you know exactly how much you owe.
  2. Decide what to payoff first. Best option is to pay all the minimums, but pay more money on the card with the highest APR. The “snowball” method is the most efficient approach. It’s essential for you to get started.
  3. Negotiate down the APR. call the credit card company and ask for a lower APR. if successful, you can save a significant amount of money.
  4. Decide where the money to pay off your credit card will come from, like balance transfer (a band aid for a larger problem, your spending habits), 401(k) or home equity one of credit (HELOC), or reducing spending to prioritize debt reduction.
  5. Get started. The goal is action, not paralysis by analysis. Get started executing your plan and you can always find tune it later.

Being in debt means giving up choices and having reduced options; it means staying at a job you hate because it pays good money; it means not being able to build a decent savings account. It means delaying or foregoing implementing your plan to achieve financial freedom.

“Good debt is a powerful tool. But bad debt can kill you.” ~ Robert Kiyosaki

Debt can be a tool, as long as it is used to buy assets. And, statistically speaking, debt in America is normal. Only 50 percent of households reported any credit card debt, while credit card companies reported that 76 percent of households owed them money,” wrote Binyamin Appelbaum of the NYT

Seventy-five percent of Americans claim that they don’t make major purchases on their credit cards unless they can pay it off when the balance is due. Yet when looking at data of actual spending behavior, over seventy percent (70%) of Americans carry a balance.

It appears most people have no idea how much they actually owe or have any idea what their debt payoff date is.

Most people don’t get into serious credit card debt overnight. Instead, they accumulate debt little by little overtime until they realize they’ve got a serious debt problem.

Getting rid of credit card and student loan debts is hard, but very necessary to build wealth and achieve financial freedom.

Without a debt management plan, that requires knowing both the amount of debt you owe and the projected payoff date, you will more than likely be controlled by your debts.

The good news is that credit card and student loan debts are almost always manageable if you have a plan and take discipline steps to control and reduce it. You have to plan and take action paying off you credit card and student loan debts.

The number one mistake people make with their credit cards is carry a balance, or not paying it off every month. Since the key to utilizing credit cards effectively is to pay off the balance in full every month.

It is difficult for someone to achieve financial freedom if they always owe and have excessive debt.

Use credit only to purchase things of lasting value: a home, an education, maybe a car. Pay cash for everything else. To quote Knight Kiplinger, “Do you know anyone who got into big financial trouble because they didn’t borrow enough money?”

Once you’re out of the debt hole, you can avoid that predicament again, explains bankrate.com. Here are some rules to live by:

  • Set a budget and stick to it. Live within your means.
  • Avoid impulse purchases.
  • Shop around for the lowest price before making a big purchase.
  • If you use a credit card, pay off the balance each month to avoid interest charges.
  • Keep your finances organized and keep a close eye on your bank balances.
  • Stay away from “buy now, pay later” and “interest-free financing” offers, which just defer your debt.
  • Save money. Try to set aside a certain percentage of your income to be swept into savings.

References:

  1. https://www.bankrate.com/personal-finance/debt/debt-consolidation-options/

Student Loan Debt Forgiveness…Shifting the Burden to American Taxpayers

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Americans collectively owe more than $1.7 trillion in student loan debt, more than three times what it was just 15 years ago.

Many progressive Congressional lawmakers have called for President Biden to forgive all federally owned student loans.

Others lawmakers have argued for up to $50,000 in forgiveness per borrower.

Recent reports suggest the White House is more likely to forgive $10,000 and include an income cap that limits relief to high level borrowers. This more limited approach of forgiving $10,000 would provide relief to people who need it most while ensuring that high-earning borrowers like doctors and lawyers don’t get a bailout.

The White House has also repeatedly extended a pause on loan payments that was put in place by the Trump administration in the early days of the pandemic. That pause has included a freeze on interest, which on its own has saved the average borrower about $5,500, according to one estimate.

Why there’s debate

Supporters of student loan debt forgiveness say the enormous financial burden of loans, many with onerous interest rates, make it impossible for college graduates to get ahead.

Debt relief would directly affect around 43 million Americans. It is believed that forgiving student loan debt would free those people to spend their money on goods and services and would create significant economic benefits for everyone.

Many also argue that debt relief would help reduce racial inequality, since people of color tend to borrow significantly more than their white peers.

Opponents of student debt forgiveness say it would be unfair to the vast majority of Americans who don’t have student debt — particularly those who paid off student loans on their own. Additionally, federal student Liam debt forgiveness doesn’t erase the debt, it only shifts the burden from the borrowers to the American taxpayers, who are already burdened with the tad of inflation.

Some make the case that there are much more effective ways to reduce inequality. Others argue that it would be wasteful to forgive student debt without also taking on the much more difficult task of fixing problems in the higher education system that created the student debt crisis in the first place.

What’s next

If Biden does choose to forgive some student debt, it’s not clear whether the courts will uphold the executive branch’s authority to do so.

References:

  1. https://finance.yahoo.com/student-loan-debt-how-much-should-biden-forgive-213848402.html